Centos安装mysql

删除已安装的MySQL

检查MariaDB

 

shell> rpm -qa|grep mariadb mariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64




删除mariadb

shell> rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-server
shell> rpm -e --nodeps mariadb
shell> rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

检查MySQL

shell> rpm -qa|grep mysql

删除MySQL

shell> rpm -e --nodeps xxx

添加MySQL Yum Repository

下载MySQL源

官网地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

查看系统版本:

shell> cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)

选择对应的版本进行下载

shell> wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL源

shell> sudo rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

检查是否安装成功

执行成功后会在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下生成两个repo文件mysql-community.repomysql-community-source.repo

并且通过yum repolist可以看到mysql相关资源

shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                108
!mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      90
!mysql80-community/x86_64          MySQL 8.0 Community Server                113

选择MySQL版本

使用MySQL Yum Repository安装MySQL,默认会选择当前最新的稳定版本,例如通过上面的MySQL源进行安装的话,默安装会选择MySQL 8.0版本,如果就是想要安装该版本,可以直接跳过此步骤,如果不是,比如我这里希望安装MySQL5.7版本,就需要“切换一下版本”:

查看当前MySQL Yum Repository中所有MySQL版本(每个版本在不同的子仓库中)

shell> yum repolist all | grep mysql

切换版本

shell> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
shell> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community

如果显示-bash: yum-config-manager: command not found则使用yum -y install yum-utils安装yum管理包

除了使用yum-config-manager之外,还可以直接编辑/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo文件enabled=0禁用

[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

enabled=1启用

# Enable to use MySQL 5.7
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

检查当前启用的MySQL仓库

shell> yum repolist enabled | grep mysql

安装MySQL

shell> sudo yum install mysql-community-server

该命令会安装MySQL服务器 (mysql-community-server) 及其所需的依赖、相关组件,包括mysql-community-client、mysql-community-common、mysql-community-libs等
如果带宽不够,这个步骤时间会比较长,请耐心等待~

启动MySQL

启动

shell> sudo systemctl start mysqld.service

查看状态

shell> sudo systemctl status mysqld.service

停止

shell> sudo systemctl stop mysqld.service

重启

shell> sudo service mysqld restart

修改密码

初始密码

MySQL第一次启动后会创建超级管理员账号root@localhost,初始密码存储在日志文件中:

shell> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

修改默认密码

shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

出现上面的提示是因为密码太简单了,解决方法如下:

  1. 使用复杂密码,MySQL默认的密码策略是要包含数字、字母及特殊字符;
  2. 如果只是测试用,不想用那么复杂的密码,可以修改默认策略,即validate_password_policy(以及validate_password_length等相关参数),使其支持简单密码的设定,具体方法可以自行百度;
  3. 修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加validate_password=OFF,保存并重启MySQL
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

允许root远程访问

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

设置编码为utf8

查看编码

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';

设置编码

编辑/etc/my.cnf,[mysqld]节点增加以下代码:

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'

设置开机启动

shell> systemctl enable mysqld
shell> systemctl daemon-reload
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